International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
type: channel
description: International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics (IJAP) is a bi-monthly publication committed to publishing online the original scientific research and reviews in the field of Pharmaceutical Sciences. It mainly covers the articles of special interest, covering the areas of Pharmaceutical research, recent technology & discoveries in the emerging arena of Pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical technology. ISSN: 2320-4931 (Online); 2320-4923 (Print)
publisher: Scholar Science Journals
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
issn: 2320-4923
copyright: Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
items: Formulation, development, and evaluation of chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres of Atenolol, a selective beta blocker
items: Optimization and evaluation of fast dissolving oral films of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
items: Formulation development and evaluation of immediate release of Esmolol Hydrochloride tablet of antihypertensive drug
items: Development and evaluation of enteric-coated tablets: A review
items: Formulation, development, and evaluation of orally disintegrating tablets of Atenolol
items: Design, development, and evaluation of enteric coated tablets of Ciprofloxacin using different polymers
items: Design, development, and formulation of Glipizide fast-dissolving tablets
items: Sustained release tablets of antihypertensive drugs: A review
items: Fast disintegrating tablets: An updated review on formulation and evaluation
items: Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Tablets of Meloxicam Using Superdisintegrants
items: Formulation and evaluation of a mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system of Atomoxetine hydrochloride for improved bioavailability
items: Development and characterization of Luliconazole ethogel for topical use in the treatment of athlete’s foot infection
items: Formulation & evaluation of Voriconazole nanoparticles for ophthalmic drug delivery system
items: Formulation and charecterization of blend microsphere of Glipizide
items: Optimization and evaluation of Venlafaxine hydrochloride fast dissolving oral films
items: Formulation And Characterization of Colon Targeting Drug Delivery of Etoricoxib
items: Formulation and Characterization of Zingiberol Loaded Microsphere for Motion Sickness
items: A Review on Niosomes - A novel approach for drug targeting
items: Simultaneous estimation of aspirin and omeprazole in laboratory sample by different UV spectrophotometric techniques
items: Formulation, development, and evaluation of Silymarin loaded topical gel for fungal infection
items: Inclusion of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) in the treatment of Psoriasis- A new approach
items: A review on recent advancement in liquisolid techology
items: Formulation and evaluation of herbal face pack for glowing skin
items: A Review: Radioactive Microspheres as a Theranostics
items: The Formulation Development & Evaluation of Econazole Nitrate Topical Emulgel
items: Formulation And Development Of Nanosuspension As An Alternative Approach For Solubility And Dissolution Enhancement Of Aceclofenac
items: A review- Recent research on microsponge a novel new drug delivery system
items: A General Review on Vitamin world

Formulation, development, and evaluation of chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres of Atenolol, a selective beta blocker
type: item
description: Atenolol, a selective β₁-adrenergic blocker, requires chronic administration for hypertension and related cardiovascular disorders. Conventional oral dosage forms may lead to plasma peak–trough fluctuations and frequent dosing. The present work aimed to develop chitosan-based mucoadhesive microspheres of atenolol to achieve prolonged gastrointestinal residence and sustained drug release. Microspheres were prepared using ionotropic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. Formulations (F1–F6) were optimized by varying polymer and cross-linker levels. Prepared microspheres were evaluated for percentage yield, particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, flow properties, swelling index, mucoadhesive strength, in-vitro wash-off, surface morphology (SEM), in-vitro drug release, and release kinetics. Microspheres were discrete and spherical, showing acceptable flow and significant mucoadhesion. The optimized formulation (F2) exhibited high yield, satisfactory entrapment, strong mucoadhesion, and sustained release up to 12 h. Release kinetics indicated diffusion-dominant release with swelling contribution, consistent with Higuchi and Korsmeyer–Peppas behavior. The study concludes that chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres represent a promising controlled oral delivery platform for atenolol.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Atenolol
  topic: keywords
subject: Chitosan
  topic: keywords
subject: Mucoadhesion
  topic: keywords
creator: Sourabh Choudhary
creator: Deepak Patel
creator: Reetesh Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-18
publication date: 2026-01-18
starting page: e5901
ending page: e5901

Optimization and evaluation of fast dissolving oral films of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
type: item
description: Fast dissolving oral films (FDOFs) have emerged as a promising patient-centric drug delivery system designed to overcome the limitations associated with conventional oral solid dosage forms, such as swallowing difficulty, delayed onset of action, and poor patient compliance. The present research work was aimed at the optimization and evaluation of fast dissolving oral films of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride, a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor widely used in the management of depressive and anxiety disorders. Fast dissolving oral films were prepared using the solvent casting method with hydrophilic film-forming polymers and suitable plasticizers. The prepared films were evaluated for physicomechanical properties including thickness, weight uniformity, folding endurance, tensile strength, surface pH, disintegration time, drug content uniformity, and in-vitro drug release. Optimization was carried out by varying polymer and plasticizer concentrations to achieve rapid disintegration and adequate mechanical strength. The optimized formulation demonstrated uniform drug distribution, satisfactory mechanical properties, rapid disintegration within seconds, and more than 95% drug release within a short duration, indicating fast availability of the drug. Stability studies conducted under accelerated conditions showed no significant changes in physical appearance, drug content, or dissolution behavior, confirming formulation stability. The study concludes that fast dissolving oral films of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride represent a safe, effective, and patient-friendly alternative to conventional oral dosage forms, with potential to enhance therapeutic efficacy, patient compliance, and quality of life.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fast dissolving oral films
  topic: keywords
subject: Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: solvent casting
  topic: keywords
subject: Indusrrial Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Vikash Kumar Shukla
creator: Deepak Patel
creator: Reetesh Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-18
publication date: 2026-01-18
starting page: e5900
ending page: e5900

Formulation development and evaluation of immediate release of Esmolol Hydrochloride tablet of antihypertensive drug
type: item
description: Esmolol hydrochloride is a cardioselective β₁-adrenergic blocker widely used for the rapid management of hypertension and tachyarrhythmias. The present study was undertaken to develop and evaluate an immediate-release (IR) tablet formulation of esmolol hydrochloride using the direct compression technique, with the objective of achieving rapid drug release and acceptable tablet characteristics. Preformulation studies were carried out to assess physicochemical properties, flow behavior, and drug–excipient compatibility. Several tablet formulations (F1–F6) were prepared using different concentrations of superdisintegrants such as croscarmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate along with suitable diluents and lubricants. The prepared powder blends were evaluated for flow properties, while compressed tablets were assessed for weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, disintegration time, drug content uniformity, and in vitro dissolution. All formulations complied with pharmacopoeial requirements for physical parameters. In vitro dissolution studies demonstrated rapid drug release, with the optimized formulation releasing more than 85% of esmolol hydrochloride within 30 minutes. The study concludes that an optimized immediate-release tablet of esmolol hydrochloride can be successfully developed using appropriate superdisintegrants, providing rapid drug release and consistent tablet quality, suitable for further stability and scale-up studies.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Esmolol hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: Immediate release
  topic: keywords
subject: Direct compression
  topic: keywords
subject: Superdisintegrant
  topic: keywords
subject: Dissolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Tablet evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ajay Uikey
creator: Deepak Patel
creator: Reetesh Yadav
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-18
publication date: 2026-01-18
starting page: e5899
ending page: e5899

Development and evaluation of enteric-coated tablets: A review
type: item
description: Enteric-coated tablets represent an important category of modified oral drug delivery systems designed to prevent drug release in the acidic environment of the stomach and allow selective release in the intestine. This dosage form is particularly beneficial for drugs that are unstable in gastric conditions, cause gastric irritation, or require site-specific intestinal absorption. The development of enteric-coated tablets involves careful selection of core tablet composition, enteric polymers, coating techniques, and evaluation methods to ensure consistent performance and regulatory compliance. Various polymers, including cellulose-based derivatives and methacrylic acid copolymers, have been extensively studied for their pH-dependent solubility and film-forming properties. Evaluation of enteric-coated tablets includes tests for acid resistance, disintegration, dissolution, stability, and release kinetics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the principles, formulation strategies, coating technologies, polymers used, and evaluation parameters involved in the development of enteric-coated tablets, highlighting their significance in improving therapeutic efficacy, gastric tolerability, and patient compliance.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Enteric-coated tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: pH-dependent polymers
  topic: keywords
subject: delayed-release dosage forms
  topic: keywords
subject: film coating
  topic: keywords
subject: dissolution studies
  topic: keywords
subject: oral drug delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Abu Rafey
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
starting page: e5896
ending page: e5896

Formulation, development, and evaluation of orally disintegrating tablets of Atenolol
type: item
description: Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) have emerged as a patient-friendly dosage form designed to improve compliance, especially in pediatric, geriatric, and dysphagic patients. Atenolol, a β₁-selective adrenergic blocker widely prescribed for hypertension, requires long-term administration and is therefore an ideal candidate for ODT formulation. The present study aimed to develop and optimize Atenolol ODTs using the direct compression method. Nine formulations (F1–F9) were prepared employing different superdisintegrants—crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, and sodium starch glycolate—at varying concentrations. Preformulation studies confirmed drug purity, solubility, and compatibility with excipients. Prepared blends were evaluated for pre-compression parameters, while compressed tablets were assessed for post-compression characteristics, special ODT tests, in-vitro disintegration, dissolution behavior, and stability. All formulations complied with pharmacopeial limits. Among them, formulation F2 containing crospovidone exhibited the shortest disintegration time (~16 s) and maximum drug release (~99.8% within 30 min). Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA demonstrated significant differences among formulations (p < 0.05). Accelerated stability studies confirmed formulation stability. The study concludes that Atenolol can be successfully formulated as an ODT with rapid disintegration, fast drug release, and acceptable mechanical strength, offering a promising alternative to conventional tablets.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Atenolol
  topic: keywords
subject: Orally disintegrating tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Superdisintegrants
  topic: keywords
subject: Direct compression
  topic: keywords
subject: Dissolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Stability
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Abu Hurira Akanda
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: e5895
ending page: e5895

Design, development, and evaluation of enteric coated tablets of Ciprofloxacin using different polymers
type: item
description: Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections; however, its conventional oral dosage forms are often associated with gastric irritation and non-targeted drug release in the stomach. The present study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate enteric coated tablet formulations of Ciprofloxacin to achieve gastric protection and targeted intestinal drug release. Core tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method and subsequently coated with different pH-dependent enteric polymers. Preformulation studies confirmed the identity, purity, and compatibility of Ciprofloxacin with selected excipients. Core tablets were evaluated for micromeritic and post-compression parameters, while enteric coated tablets were assessed for acid resistance, disintegration behavior, and in-vitro dissolution. All enteric coated formulations exhibited complete resistance in acidic medium and rapid drug release in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. Among the tested polymers, methacrylic acid copolymer–based coatings showed superior performance with faster intestinal disintegration and higher drug release. Accelerated stability studies demonstrated good stability of the optimized formulation. The study concludes that enteric coating is an effective strategy to improve the oral delivery of Ciprofloxacin by minimizing gastric exposure and ensuring targeted intestinal release.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ciprofloxacin
  topic: keywords
subject: Enteric Coating
  topic: keywords
subject: Ph-Dependent Polymers
  topic: keywords
subject: Delayed-Release Tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Dissolution Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Abu Rafey
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: e5894
ending page: e5894

Design, development, and formulation of Glipizide fast-dissolving tablets
type: item
description: Fast-dissolving tablets (FDTs) are designed to disintegrate rapidly in the oral cavity, offering improved patient compliance and faster onset of action compared to conventional oral solid dosage forms. The present study was undertaken to design, develop, and evaluate fast-dissolving tablets of Glipizide, a second-generation sulfonylurea used in the management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Glipizide fast-dissolving tablets were formulated by the direct compression method using different superdisintegrants, namely crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, and sodium starch glycolate, at varying concentrations. Preformulation studies were conducted to assess the physicochemical properties of the drug, and drug–excipient compatibility was evaluated using FTIR spectroscopy. The prepared formulations were evaluated for pre-compression parameters, post-compression characteristics, wetting time, disintegration time, drug content, and in-vitro dissolution behavior. Among the ten formulations developed, formulation F10 containing a combination of crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium exhibited the shortest disintegration time, rapid wetting, and nearly complete drug release within a short duration. Accelerated stability studies carried out as per ICH guidelines confirmed the physical and chemical stability of the optimized formulation. The study concludes that Glipizide fast-dissolving tablets prepared by direct compression represent a promising, patient-friendly alternative to conventional tablets, with potential benefits in terms of rapid onset of action and improved therapeutic compliance.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Glipizide
  topic: keywords
subject: Fast-dissolving tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Superdisintegrants
  topic: keywords
subject: Direct compression
  topic: keywords
subject: In-vitro dissolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Mukesh Ahirwar
creator: Ajay Shakya
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: e5893
ending page: e5893

Sustained release tablets of antihypertensive drugs: A review
type: item
description: Hypertension is a chronic cardiovascular disorder that requires long-term and consistent pharmacotherapy to prevent serious complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and renal damage. Conventional immediate-release antihypertensive dosage forms often require multiple daily administrations, resulting in fluctuating plasma drug concentrations, increased incidence of dose-related adverse effects, and poor patient compliance. Sustained release (SR) tablets have emerged as an effective strategy to overcome these limitations by providing controlled and prolonged drug delivery over an extended period. Sustained release tablets are designed to maintain therapeutic plasma drug levels, minimize peak–trough fluctuations, and reduce dosing frequency, thereby improving patient adherence and overall therapeutic efficacy. Antihypertensive drugs are particularly suitable for sustained release systems due to the chronic nature of hypertension and the need for continuous blood pressure control. Several classes of antihypertensive agents, including beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and centrally acting agents, have been successfully formulated into sustained release dosage forms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of sustained release tablets of antihypertensive drugs, highlighting the rationale for sustained drug delivery, ideal drug candidates, formulation approaches, polymers used, mechanisms of drug release, evaluation parameters, and kinetic modeling. The advantages, limitations, recent advances, and future prospects of sustained release antihypertensive formulations are also discussed. Sustained release tablet technology represents a significant advancement in the management of hypertension by improving patient compliance, enhancing therapeutic outcomes, and reducing cardiovascular risk.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Sustained release tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Antihypertensive drugs
  topic: keywords
subject: controlled drug delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Vivek Kumar
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
starting page: e5892
ending page: e5892

Formulation, development, and evaluation of chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres of Atenolol, a selective beta blocker
type: item
description: Atenolol, a selective β₁-adrenergic blocker, requires chronic administration for hypertension and related cardiovascular disorders. Conventional oral dosage forms may lead to plasma peak–trough fluctuations and frequent dosing. The present work aimed to develop chitosan-based mucoadhesive microspheres of atenolol to achieve prolonged gastrointestinal residence and sustained drug release. Microspheres were prepared using ionotropic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. Formulations (F1–F6) were optimized by varying polymer and cross-linker levels. Prepared microspheres were evaluated for percentage yield, particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, flow properties, swelling index, mucoadhesive strength, in-vitro wash-off, surface morphology (SEM), in-vitro drug release, and release kinetics. Microspheres were discrete and spherical, showing acceptable flow and significant mucoadhesion. The optimized formulation (F2) exhibited high yield, satisfactory entrapment, strong mucoadhesion, and sustained release up to 12 h. Release kinetics indicated diffusion-dominant release with swelling contribution, consistent with Higuchi and Korsmeyer–Peppas behavior. The study concludes that chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres represent a promising controlled oral delivery platform for atenolol.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Atenolol
  topic: keywords
subject: Chitosan
  topic: keywords
subject: Mucoadhesion
  topic: keywords
subject: Microspheres
  topic: keywords
subject: Ionotropic gelation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sanjay Kumar
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
starting page: e5891
ending page: e5891

Formulation development and evaluation of immediate release of Esmolol Hydrochloride tablet of antihypertensive drug
type: item
description: Esmolol hydrochloride is a cardioselective β₁-adrenergic blocker widely used for the rapid management of hypertension and tachyarrhythmias. The present study was undertaken to develop and evaluate an immediate-release (IR) tablet formulation of esmolol hydrochloride using the direct compression technique, with the objective of achieving rapid drug release and acceptable tablet characteristics. Preformulation studies were carried out to assess physicochemical properties, flow behavior, and drug–excipient compatibility. Several tablet formulations (F1–F6) were prepared using different concentrations of superdisintegrants such as croscarmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate along with suitable diluents and lubricants. The prepared powder blends were evaluated for flow properties, while compressed tablets were assessed for weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, disintegration time, drug content uniformity, and in vitro dissolution. All formulations complied with pharmacopoeial requirements for physical parameters. In vitro dissolution studies demonstrated rapid drug release, with the optimized formulation releasing more than 85% of esmolol hydrochloride within 30 minutes. The study concludes that an optimized immediate-release tablet of esmolol hydrochloride can be successfully developed using appropriate superdisintegrants, providing rapid drug release and consistent tablet quality, suitable for further stability and scale-up studies.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Esmolol hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: Immediate release
  topic: keywords
subject: Direct compression
  topic: keywords
subject: Superdisintegrant
  topic: keywords
subject: Dissolution
  topic: keywords
subject: Tablet evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical
  topic: disciplines
creator: Indrasen Chand Maurya
creator: Shweta Shukla
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-18
publication date: 2025-12-18
starting page: e5886
ending page: e5886

Fast disintegrating tablets: An updated review on formulation and evaluation
type: item
description: Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs), also referred to as Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs) or Mouth-Dissolving Tablets (MDTs), are solid dosage forms designed to disintegrate rapidly in the oral cavity without the need for water. These tablets offer significant advantages in patient compliance, especially for pediatric, geriatric, and dysphagic populations, and provide faster onset of action compared to conventional tablets. This review presents an updated overview of the formulation strategies, technological approaches, evaluation parameters, and recent advancements in FDT development. Different formulation techniques—including direct compression, freeze-drying, sublimation, spray drying, molding, mass extrusion, and patented processes—have enabled the production of robust, fast-acting tablets with superior organoleptic properties. The selection and mechanism of superdisintegrants, such as Crospovidone, Croscarmellose Sodium, Sodium Starch Glycolate, Kyron T-314, and β-Cyclodextrin, play a critical role in achieving rapid disintegration and optimal mechanical strength. Taste-masking approaches, encompassing polymer coating, drug–resin complexes, microencapsulation, and cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, further enhance patient acceptability. Key evaluation parameters—including hardness, friability, drug content, wetting time, disintegration time, and dissolution profile—are essential to assess product quality and performance. Recent innovations such as 3D-printed FDTs, nanoparticle-loaded systems, and QbD-driven optimization have advanced the field significantly. This review consolidates current knowledge and provides insights into emerging trends, highlighting the potential of FDTs as a versatile and patient-friendly dosage form in modern pharmaceutical therapy.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Fast Disintegrating Tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Disintegrating Tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: superdisintegrants
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Prafulla Vasudeo Patil
creator: Ayush Pratap Singh Sengar
creator: Raghuraj Lovanshi
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-02
publication date: 2025-12-02
starting page: e5885
ending page: e5885

Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Tablets of Meloxicam Using Superdisintegrants
type: item
description: Fast Dissolving Tablets (FDTs) have gained significant attention due to their convenience, rapid onset of action, and suitability for dysphagic patients. Meloxicam, a BCS Class II drug, suffers from poor aqueous solubility and delayed onset when administered through conventional tablets. The present study aims to formulate and optimize Meloxicam FDTs using various superdisintegrants, including Sodium CMC, Crospovidone, Kyron T-314, and β-Cyclodextrin, with menthol sublimation employed to enhance porosity. Tablets were prepared using the direct compression method and evaluated for pre-compression parameters, post-compression characteristics, disintegration time, and in-vitro drug release. Among all formulations, batch F9 (containing Crospovidone + β-Cyclodextrin) exhibited the fastest disintegration time (≈9 seconds) and highest cumulative drug release (≈99.88% within 10 minutes). The optimized formulation outperformed the marketed tablet across all evaluation parameters. Thus, Meloxicam FDTs prepared with Crospovidone and β-Cyclodextrin provide a reliable, fast-acting, and patient-friendly alternative to conventional dosage forms.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Meloxicam
  topic: keywords
subject: Fast Dissolving Tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Superdisintegrants
  topic: keywords
subject: Crospovidone
  topic: keywords
subject: β-Cyclodextrin
  topic: keywords
subject: Sublimation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Prafulla Vasudeo Patil
creator: Ayush Pratap Singh Sengar
creator: Raghuraj Lovanshi
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-02
publication date: 2025-12-02
starting page: e5884
ending page: e5884

Formulation and evaluation of a mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system of Atomoxetine hydrochloride for improved bioavailability
type: item
description: Atomoxetine Hydrochloride (ATX HCl), a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), suffers from low oral bioavailability due to extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism and bitter taste, limiting compliance in pediatric ADHD patients. The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system of ATX HCl to overcome these limitations. Preformulation studies established physicochemical compatibility between the drug and selected polymers (HPMC K15M, Carbopol 934P, PVP K30). A drug–resin complex (DRC) utilizing Tulsion 339 (1:2 ratio) was prepared for taste masking. Buccal films were fabricated using the solvent casting method and optimized through systematic variation of polymer and plasticizer ratios. The optimized formulation (F3) exhibited excellent mechanical properties, neutral surface pH, satisfactory mucoadhesive strength (17.8 g), and sustained drug release (91% in 6 h), following Higuchi kinetics (R² = 0.994) with non-Fickian diffusion (n = 0.62). Ex vivo permeation across porcine buccal mucosa confirmed 82% permeation within 6 h. Analytical methods (UV at 272 nm and HPLC at t_r = 3.9 minutes) were validated as per ICH Q2(R2). Accelerated stability studies revealed no significant changes in drug content, appearance, or release profile over 6 months. The findings demonstrate that the developed mucoadhesive buccal film offers a promising alternative to conventional oral therapy by enhancing bioavailability, controlling release, masking bitterness, and improving patient compliance.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: Buccal Film
  topic: keywords
subject: Mucoadhesion
  topic: keywords
subject: Controlled Release
  topic: keywords
subject: Ion-Exchange Resin
  topic: keywords
subject: Bioavailability
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ashutosh Dinkar Nerkar
creator: Ayush Pratap Singh Sengar
creator: Raghuraj Lovanshi
creator: OP Agrawal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-30
publication date: 2025-11-30
starting page: e5882
ending page: e5882

Development and characterization of Luliconazole ethogel for topical use in the treatment of athlete’s foot infection
type: item
description: Luliconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent with a unique structure, as the imidazole moiety is incorporated into the ketene dithioacetate structure. To develop and optimize the ethosomal formulation of luliconazole for Athlete’s foot infection. Characterization of optimized formulation in vitro. To develop and characterize luliconazole ethosomes loaded topical gel (Ethogel). Anti–fungal study of the optimized ethogel formulation. That ethosomes can become a promising drug carrier in future for not the only topical treatment of local and systemic disorders, but also for the cosmetic and cosmeceutical fields. The present study focused on the development and characterization of LCZ-loaded ethogel and they’re in incorporation in the topical gel to increase the permeation through stratum corneum, imparting controlled release as well as enhancing the hydration of the skin. Therefore, LCZ loaded ethosomes were prepared by Cold method with high-speed homogenization combined with ultra-sonication. The particle size was found to be in the range of 185 to 289 nm and a maximum of 93 % EE and -24.49 mV Zeta potential. ATR and XRD data ruled out any possible incompatibility among the excipient. Release studies confirmed the sustained release nature of ethosomes.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Luliconazole
  topic: keywords
subject: Etheosome
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethogel
  topic: keywords
subject: Method of Preparation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Dhiraj Kumar Gupta
creator: Om Prakash Agrawal
creator: Sailesh Kumar Ghatuary
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
starting page: e5878
ending page: e5878

Formulation & evaluation of Voriconazole nanoparticles for ophthalmic drug delivery system
type: item
description: Voriconazole is a second-generation antifungal agent with excellent broad spectrum of antifungal activity commercially available for oral and intravenous administration. Systemic administration of voriconazole is associated with side effects including visual and hepatic abnormalities. This study assessed the feasibility of using solid lipid nanoparticles for ocular delivery of voriconazole adopting stearic acid as lipidic material, tween 80 as a stabilizer, and Carbopol 934 as controlled release agent and for increasing the precorneal residence time in eye. The systems were prepared using two different methods, that is, ultrasonication method and microemulsion technique. The results indicated that the larger particle size of SLNs was foundwith microemulsion technique (308±3.52nm to 343±3.51) compared to SLN prepared with ultrasonication method (234±3.52nm to 288±4.58 nm). The polydispersity index values were less than 0.3 for all formulations and zeta potential of the prepared formulations by these two methods varied from −22.71 ± 0.63 mV to −28.86 ± 0.58mV. Powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry indicated decrease in crystallinity of drug. The in vitro release study and the SLN formulations prepared with ultrasonication method demonstrated sustained release up to 12 hours. This study demonstrated that SLN prepared by ultrasonication method is more suitable thanmicro emulsion technique without causing any significant effect on corneal hydration level.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Voriconazole
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Lyophilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacetics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Anukalp Pandey
creator: Rishab Shukla
creator: Seema Sahu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: e5873
ending page: e5873

Formulation and charecterization of blend microsphere of Glipizide
type: item
description: The purpose of this research was to formulate and system atically evaluate in vitro and in vivo performances of mucoadhesive microspheres of glipizide. Glipizide micro spheres containing chitosan were prepared by simple emulsification phase separation technique using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. Results of preliminary trials indicate that volume of cross-linking agent, time for cross-link ing, polymer- to-drug ratio, and speed of rotation affected characteristics of microspheres. Microspheres were discrete, spherical, and free flowing. The microspheres exhib ited good mucoadhesive property in the in vitro wash-off test and also showed a high percentage drug entrapment efficiency. A 32 full factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, polymer-to-drug ratio (X1), and stirring speed (X2) on dependent variables percentage mucoadhesion, t80, drug entrapment efficiency, and swelling index. The best batch exhibited a high drug entrapment efficiency of 75% and a swelling index of 1.42; percentage mucoadhesion after 1 hour was 78%. The drug release was also sustained for more than 12 hours. The pol ymer-to-drug ratio had a more significant effect on the dependent variables. In vivo testing of the mucoadhesive microspheres to albino Wistar rats demonstrated significant hypoglycemic effect of glipizide.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chitosan
  topic: keywords
subject: Mucoadhesive microspheres
  topic: keywords
subject: Glipizide
  topic: keywords
subject: Factorial design
  topic: keywords
subject: In vivo study
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ankit Kumar
creator: Pratyush Jain
creator: Seema Sahu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-13
publication date: 2025-09-13
starting page: e5869
ending page: e5869

Optimization and evaluation of Venlafaxine hydrochloride fast dissolving oral films
type: item
description: Three factors, three level full factorial design was used to develop venlafaxine HCl fast dissolving oral films (FDOFs) to optimize the concentrations of the film forming polymer; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC (X1), super disintegrant; sodium starch glycolate SSG, (X2) and glycerol as the film plasticizer (X3). Effects of the three factors on the disintegration time (Y1), swelling index (Y2), and dissolution efficiency at 15 min; DE%15 (Y3) of the prepared FDOFs were evaluated by using statistical models. The optimized film formula was characterized in term of x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and morphological characteristics. Disintegration time was found to increase with the increase in HPMC (X1) concentration, and the shortest disintegration time (21.67 ± 2.08 s) was observed in case of F2 formula (lowest HPMC level and highest glycerol level in absence of SSG). The highest swelling index (3.64 ± 0.59) was observed in case of film formula F1 (medium concentrations of both HPMC and glycerol and highest SSG concentration. The results also indicated that as the concentration of HPMC increased the DE%15 decreased. SSG (X2), with highest value (72.33 ± 1.71%) was recorded for in case of F12 (using 2% HPMC, 5%SSG and 1.5% glycerol). The optimized FDOF formula derived by the statistical models suggested 2% HPMC, 5% SSG, and 1% glycerol. The data obtained from DSC and XRPD revealed no interaction between drug and FDOT excipients. In addition, XRPD studies proved that the venlafaxine HCl was homogeneously dispersed in the film matrix.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fast Dissolving
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral films
  topic: keywords
subject: HPMC
  topic: keywords
subject: FDOT
  topic: keywords
subject: Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Amit Kujur
creator: Vivek Patel
creator: Praveen Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e5860
ending page: e5860
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v14i1.5860

Formulation And Characterization of Colon Targeting Drug Delivery of Etoricoxib
type: item
description: Objective: Design and development of okra gum-based colon specific tablet formulations for chrono therapeutic delivery of drugs, Eterocoxib for the treatment of diseases. Materials and methods: The gum extracted from thoroughly washed, sliced and crushed fruits with a laboratory blender. After extraction the precipitate of the gum were dried in hot air oven for about 20min at 50C and then precipitates were kept in a dessicator for further drying Etoricoxib, HPMC, E.C other formulation excipients. The in vitro dissolution test has been performed in 0.1 N HCl for first two hours and the rest in 6.8 pH phosphate buffer using USP apparatus type II (paddle), at 50 rpm for six hours. The spectrum was measured in the solid state as Potassium bromide dispersion. The Press coated tablets were prepared by varying polymer (HPMC): polymer (E.C) ratio i.e., 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, 3:1 and 0:4. Results and conclusion: The drug release from the dosage forms was started after 4hrs lag time. The Press coated tablets obtained by 3:1 ratio(P2F9) shows good lag time, more % drug released immediately after lag time in comparision with those prepared by4:0, 2:2, 3:1, 0:4 hence P2F9. It has been concluded from the above investigation that Press coated dosage form of Etoricoxib could delay the release up to 4hrs and further exhibited immediate release of the drug and shows 20 hr action. The results obtained in this research work clearly indicated a promising potential of colon specific drug delivery of eterocoxib by using okra gum containing HPMC, HPMS EC, as a rate controlling polymer for the effective treatment of rheumatoid patients.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: HPMC
  topic: keywords
subject: E.C
  topic: keywords
subject: Okra Gum
  topic: keywords
subject: colon specific drug delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Jayashree Rajendra Phalak
creator: Vivek Patel
creator: Praveen Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e5859
ending page: e5859
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v14i1.5859

Formulation and Characterization of Zingiberol Loaded Microsphere for Motion Sickness
type: item
description: The present research work involve the development of Zingiberol as the treatment of motion sickness. The Zingiberol microsphere was formulated by Ionotropic gelation method using different polymers in different ratio depending on RSM method. The prepared formulations were optimized on the basis of dependent variables like particle size (mg), entrapment efficiency etc. The SEM photographs of Zingiberol microsphere before dissolution shows the spherical and smooth surface whereas after dissolution the pores and crevices were shown which is indicating that the microsphere are showing drug release by diffusion mechanism. The microsphere formulations were able to sustain the release of drug both in vitro and in vivo. In the stability studies no significant change in drug entrapment release characteristics of the microspheres.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Zingiberol
  topic: keywords
subject: Microspheres
  topic: keywords
subject: Ionotropic gelation method
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation parameters
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ayan Kumar Kar
creator: Arijit Shil
creator: Beduin Mahanty
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2019-11-30
publication date: 2019-11-30
starting page: e5258
ending page: e5258
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5258

A Review on Niosomes - A novel approach for drug targeting
type: item
description: This is a general review on niosome as drug carrier, which improves the bioavailability of drugs, increases penetration through skin, releases drug in a controlled or sustained manner, and used for targeting of drugs to specic sites in the body.Niosomal drug delivery system can be considered as an emerging novel drug delivery system, which consists of microscopic non-ionic vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants. These are biodegradable, relatively nontoxic, more stable and inexpensive, and an alternative to liposomes. Methods of preparation, characterisation and application of niosomes have been reviewed. Niosome has potential to reduce the side effects of drugs and increase therapeutic effectiveness in various diseases. It can also be used as a carrier to deliver drugs topically. This review presents an overview of the types of niosomes, techniques of preparation of niosome characterisation and their applications.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Niosome
  topic: keywords
subject: non-ionic surfactant
  topic: keywords
subject: drug entrapment
  topic: keywords
subject: novel drug delivery system
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Harshil M Patel
creator: Urvashi B Patel
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2020-04-04
publication date: 2020-04-04
starting page: e5167
ending page: e5167
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5167

Simultaneous estimation of aspirin and omeprazole in laboratory sample by different UV spectrophotometric techniques
type: item
description: The aim of the present work is to develop simple, precise and economic UV- spectrophotometric methods for the simultaneous estimation of aspirin and omeprazole laboratory sample. The absorbance maxima (?max) for detection of aspirin and omeprazole were selected as 274 nm and 302 nm respectively for simultaneous equation method while wavelength range for detection of aspirin and omeprazole were selected as 270 nm - 276 nm and 300 nm - 305 nm respectively for area under curve method. Absorbance ratio method uses the ratio of absorbances at two selected wavelengths, one which is an isoabsorptive point and other being the ? max of one of the two components. From the overlay spectra of two drugs, it is evident that aspirin and omeprazole show an isoabsorptive point at 238.6 nm. Zero crossing first derivative spectrophotometry, where Aspirin showed zero crossing point at 301nm and Omeprazole showed zero crossing point at 274nm. Linearity for Aspirin was between 25- 125 ?g/mL and Omeprazole was 3-15 ?g/mL. These methods were successfully applied for estimation of Aspirin and Omeprazole in laboratory sample.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Aspirin
  topic: keywords
subject: Omeprazole
  topic: keywords
subject: Absorbance ratio method
  topic: keywords
subject: First derivative zero crossing point method
  topic: keywords
subject: Area under curve
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Chemistry
  topic: disciplines
creator: Rakesh Machhindra Wani
creator: Anoop Singh
creator: Arun M Kashid
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2019-11-30
publication date: 2019-11-30
starting page: e5306
ending page: e5306
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5306

Formulation, development, and evaluation of Silymarin loaded topical gel for fungal infection
type: item
description: The objective of work was the formulation of Silymarin Loaded Topical gel obtained from the seeds of plant Silybum Marianum (L). Silymarin is a composition of flavolignan. It includes Silibinin, Silydianin, Silychristin, and isosilybinin. silymarin is used as Hepatoprotective, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-fibrotic, Immunomodulatory a Liver Regenerating action. It also used in viral hepatitis neuroprotective and Neurotropic action. The different type of formulation available in tablet, capsule, syrup, suspension, nanoparticles in the market. The aim of the study was to formulate and develop silymarin Loaded gel and to check its Antipsoriasis activity, with the use of Methanol as co-solvent the HPMC as Gel forming Agent and Methyl paraben and propyl paraben as Preservative. The glycerin acts as Humectant and Tween 80 used as a surfactant. The Characterization of gel such as pH, Drug content, spreadability, viscosity, in-vitro drug release was carried out in pH 6, Primary skin irritation test and antifungal activity were checked. The drug content was found to be 95.8%. Spreadability of the gel was found to be 20.66gm cm/sec. The pH of silymarin loaded gel was found to be 6.9. The silymarin loaded gel shows the pseudoplastic flow from the rheogram. It shows Drug release 96.08% over a period of 3h. There was no acute skin irritancy found.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Silymarin
  topic: keywords
subject: Topical Gel
  topic: keywords
subject: Antipsoriasis Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Antifungal activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ankita Ashok Mojad
creator: Yogesh B. Khedekar
creator: Pradip N. Malsane
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2019-06-30
publication date: 2019-06-30
starting page: e5041
ending page: e5041
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5041

Inclusion of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) in the treatment of Psoriasis- A new approach
type: item
description: The present study highlights the importance of Hydrophillic-Lipophilic value of the base cream for the dermatological purposes beyond formulation stability. Hydrophilic- Lipophilic Balance (HLB) is largely considered for attaining stability of the base cream by the chosen emulsifier/ surfactants. However the base formulation (cream or ointment) also must act as an emulsifier to balance the hydrophilic- lipophilic ecosystem of the skin besides the formulation acts as the drug dispensing mechanism. Psorolin ointment for the treatment of psoriasis is being formulated with due diligence to HLB value due to the skin conditions of psoriasis. Details are presented in the paper.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Stratum corneum
  topic: keywords
subject: HLB value
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutics
  topic: disciplines
subject: skin
  topic: disciplines
subject: formulation
  topic: disciplines
creator: Soundharya R
creator: Aruna V
creator: Amruthavalli G V
creator: Gayathri R
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2019-06-05
publication date: 2019-06-05
starting page: e5150
ending page: e5150
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5150

A review on recent advancement in liquisolid techology
type: item
description: Liquisolid technique is a novel process in which a liquid can be converted into a material that flows freely, is readily compressible. The carrier material in liquisolid compact comprises the liquid part, which is the liquid drug or a drug solution in liquid vehicles that are non-volatile. Solubility is the main parameter in the circulation of blood to achieve the whole concentration of the drug for pharmacological action. The rate of dissolution of drugs enhances in liquisolid technology. This in turn increases absorption and bioavailability subsequently. This review discusses the different advances and changes to improve liquisolid technology formulations and enhancement of dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs. Most of the new chemical entities have high lipophilicity and poor water solubility, resulting in poor bioavailability. The release rate of these drugs should be increased in order to improve bioavailability. The technique is based on dissolving the insoluble drug in the solution loaded with non-volatile solvent. Then the dissolution rate of drug which is poorly soluble will rise. The enhanced bioavailability is due to the increased surface area of drug for release, increased drug aqueous solubility or improved wetting capacity.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Solubility
  topic: keywords
subject: Absorption
  topic: keywords
subject: Lipophlicity
  topic: keywords
subject: Screening
  topic: keywords
subject: bioavailability
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Abhishek Chandel
creator: Shaveta Sharma
creator: Peeyush Kaushik
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2019-06-05
publication date: 2019-06-05
starting page: e5171
ending page: e5171
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5171

Formulation and evaluation of herbal face pack for glowing skin
type: item
description: The aim of this work is to formulate and evaluate an herbal face pack for glowing skin by using natural herbal ingredients. The natural herbal ingredients such as multani mitti, turmeric, sandalwood, saffron, milk powder, rice flour, orange peel were purchased from local market in the form of dried powder. The powder of banana peel was prepared by shade drying commercially, all powdered natural ingredients were sieved using #120 mesh, weighed accurately and mixed geometrically for uniform formulation and then evaluated for parameters including morphological, physicochemical, physical, phytochemical, irritancy along with stability examination. Thus, in the present work, we formulated a herbal face pack which can be easily made with the easily available ingredients. After evaluation, we found good properties for the face packs, free from skin irritation and maintained its consistency even after stability storage conditions. Results of the study scientifically verified that herbal face pack having enough potential to give efficient glowing effect on skin. The overall study is useful to substantiate product claims due its useful benefits on the human beings.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Skin
  topic: keywords
subject: Herbal face pack
  topic: keywords
subject: Formulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Avinash O. Maske
creator: Manisha Pandhare
creator: Ashwin D. Wanjari
rights: Copyright (c) 2019 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2019-06-02
publication date: 2019-06-02
starting page: e5184
ending page: e5184
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v8i1.5184

A Review: Radioactive Microspheres as a Theranostics
type: item
description: Microspheres as a drug delivery system hold great promise in reaching the goal of controlled drug delivery as well as site specific delivery. In the last few decades, scientific and technological advancements have been made in the research and development of radio labeled microspheres. These are used successfully for the treatment of various cancers and tumors. Since response to chemotherapy and external radiotherapy is not so effective and hazardous too, so an alternative to this is internal radiation therapy. These radio labeled microspheres are very stable and have a proven efficacy in the field of primary as well as metastatic cancers. Radioactive microspheres can be selectively targeted to various tumors without undue radiation to the nontumorous tissues. The radioactive microspheres are injected to halt tumor growth via the blood supply, thereby enabling surgical removal once the tumor size decreases. This review provides an outlook to various aspects of radioactive microspheres and their role in treatment of various tumors and cancers.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Microsphere
  topic: disciplines
creator: Asma Gangat
creator: Bhavesh Akbari
creator: Harshil M Patel
creator: Urvashi Patel
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2018-09-27
publication date: 2018-09-27
starting page: 57
ending page: 66

The Formulation Development & Evaluation of Econazole Nitrate Topical Emulgel
type: item
description: Topical drug delivery has been used for centuries for the treatment of local skin disorders. Emulgel have emerged as one of the most interesting topical delivery system as it has dual control release system i.e. gel and emulsion. One side the topical applications of the drug offers the potential advantages of delivering the drug directly to the site of action and secondly delivering the drug for extended period of time at the effected site. The major objective behind this formulation is enhancing the topical delivery of hydrophobic drug (Econazole Nitrate) by formulating Econazole nitrate Emulgel using three types of gelling agents: water soluble polymer Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940 and Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMCK4M). Oleic acid is used as permeation enhancer. The prepared Emulgel were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH determination, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, in vitro drug release, skin irritation test and stability. All the prepared Emulgel formulation showed acceptable physical properties, consistency, spreadability, viscosity and Ph value. The best Optimized formulation F1 compared with marketed Econazole Nitrate xiii cream. The in vitro release rate of Emulgel was evaluated using Diffusion cell containing Rat skin membrane with phosphate buffer pH 7.4 as the receptor medium. The release rate of the optimized F1 Formulation was found to follow Higuchi model. The Emulgel were found to be stable with respect to colour, pH, and drug content at room temperature and conditions for one month.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Novel Drug Delivery System
  topic: disciplines
creator: Harshil M Patel
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2018-06-30
publication date: 2018-06-30
starting page: 48
ending page: 56

Formulation And Development Of Nanosuspension As An Alternative Approach For Solubility And Dissolution Enhancement Of Aceclofenac
type: item
description: Main objectives to develop Aceclofenac Nanosuspension are to enhance solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble Drug (aceclofenac), substantially leading to its bioavailability enhancement and Improvement of aqueous and saturation solubility in turn rapid release of Drug which leads to enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Aceclofenac Nanosuspension was prepared by quasi solvent evaporation method with help of different polymer and concentration. There was changes polymer ratio, volume of organic solvent and stirring speed. Aceclofenac nanosuspension gives immediate release. Aceclofenac nanosuspension were showing highest dissolution rate within 10 minutes comparison with marketed formulations. Aceclofenac Nanosuspension compacts may enhance aqueous solubility and dissolution rate in compare to other solubility enhancement technique hence, this research work may be useful to formulate Aceclofenac Nanosuspension which may give rapid onset of action by rapid absorption, maximize efficacy, dose frequency and hence increase patient Compliance.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Novel Drug Delivery System
  topic: disciplines
creator: Harshil M Patel
creator: Urvashi B. Patel
creator: Chainesh Shah
creator: Bhavesh Akbari
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2018-05-31
publication date: 2018-05-31
starting page: 33
ending page: 47

A review- Recent research on microsponge a novel new drug delivery system
type: item
description: Microsponge is recent novel technique for control release and target specific drug delivery system. Therefore many scientist or researcher attracted towards the microsponge drug delivery system. Also Microsponge technology has been introduced in topical drug products to facilitate the controlled release of active drug into the skin in order to reduce systemic exposure and minimize local cutaneous reactions to active drugs. More and more developments in delivery systems are being integrated to optimize the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the therapy. Microsponge technology offers entrapment of ingredients and is believed to contribute towards reduced side effects, improved stability, increased elegance, and enhanced formulation flexibility. In addition, numerous studies have confirmed that microsponge systems are non-irritating, non-mutagenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. Microsponge drug delivery system technology is being used currently in cosmetics, over-the-counter (OTC) skin care, sunscreens and prescription products.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Pharmacy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Urvashi B. Patel
creator: Harshil M Patel
creator: Chainesh N. Shah
creator: Rohan Barse
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics
date: 2018-03-31
publication date: 2018-03-31
starting page: 10
ending page: 16

A General Review on Vitamin world
type: item
description: Vitamins, are any of the normal blends required by the body in little wholes for absorption, to guarantee prosperity, and for honest to goodness advancement in kids. Vitamins also help the course of action of hormones, platelets, tactile framework chemicals, and innate material. The distinctive vitamins are not artificially related, and most fluctuate in their physiological exercises. They generally go about as stimuli, joining with proteins to make metabolically powerful intensifies that in this way convey numerous essential mixture reactions all through the body. Without vitamins, an expansive number of these reactions would back off or stop. The multifaceted behaviour by which vitamins follow up on the body, however, are as yet far from clear.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Water - soluble vitamins
  topic: keywords
subject: pharmaceutics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ankita Ashok Mojad
creator: Nilima Thombre
creator: Sanjay Kshirsagar
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Advances in Pharmaceutics http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2018-06-02
publication date: 2018-06-02
starting page: 05
ending page: 09
doi: 10.7439/ijap.v7i2.4659